Ferdinand ephraim



M I A R H DI. E R u d 0 M 0 m SOLE.

No. 473,304. Patented Apr. 19, 1892.

w/r/vESsEs @f77/@J ATTORNEYS 'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.'

FERDINAND EPIIRAIM, OF SAN FRANO'IsOO, CALIFORNIA.

SOLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 473,304, dated April19, 1892.

Application filed October 30, 1891. Serial No. 410,311. (No model.)

To aZZ whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, FERDINAND EPHRAIM, of San Francisco, in the countyof San Francisco and State of California, have invented a new andImproved Sole, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

My invention relates tO improvements in soles for boots Or shoes, andmore especially to that variety Ot' soles known as iron-clad Orhob-nailed.

The Object of my invention is to produce a simple and inexpensive soleOf the character described which may be easily secured to a boot or shoeand which may be attached in such a manner that none of the parts willbe unduly strained, so that the solo will consequently wear Well.

To this end my invention consists in a sole constructed substantially ashereinafter-described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part Ofthis specilication, in which similar ligures of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is abroken inverted plan of a shoe provided with my improvedsole. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same On the line@o in Fig. l. Fig. 3 shows details Of the different kinds of headedrivets or nails which may be secured to the sole, and Fig. 4 is a brokendetail view of a punch used in attaching the rivets.

The shoe l() is provided with the usual inner sole 11 and outer sole 12,which may be secured together in any Of the ordinary ways, and betweenthe two soles is a layer of wirecloth 13, which is adapted to supportthe rivets or hob-nails 14, 14, and 14". These nails may be made in anydesired form so long as they have the enlarged rounded head common tohob-nails, and, as shown, the nail 14 is in the form of a rivet, havinga straight shank. The nail 14n is provided with a pointed shank, and thenail 14 is provided with a double shank, which acts as a staple, and themembers of which may be doubled upon the wire when the nail is inserted.

In attaching either form of nail a punch l5 is used, which punch isinserted between the members Ot the wire-cloth and serves tO make a holelarge enough to receive the shank Ot' a nail without breaking a threadof the cloth, and to this end the point of the punch is made smallenough, so that it will readily enter a mesh of the wire-cloth. Thenails are secured to the sole by thrusting their Shanks through holesproduced by the punch 15, and the Shanks Of the nails are then headed,so as to hold them in place. The heads of the nails protrude throughholes in the outer soles, and when the sole is new the heads willprotrude but slightly,'as shown in Fig. 2, and as the sole wears awaythe heads will protrude a little more and will protect the sole, so thatit will be very durable.

lt will be noticed that a top lift 12 may be applied to the heel llLL ofthe shoe in the same manner as the outer sole is applied to the innersole, the wire-cloth 13 being inserted between the top lift and heel andthe hob-nails being attached iu the man ner already described.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- The combination, with the boot Or shoe, of thewire-gauze plate 13, carrying a series of nails clinched to it andhaving tapering heads, and the Outer sole or tap having a series oftapering apertures corresponding in position to and receiving thenail-heads, the ends Of the heads Ot` the nails being exposed throughsaid apertures to take the wear, substantially as set forth.

FERDINAND EPHRAIM.

Vitnesses:

LEON KAUFFMAN, MARK KLINE.

